PRP048: Impact of Cognitive Impairment on Shared Decision Making for Cancer Screening and Prevention Activities in Rural Primary Care

Tamara Oser, MD; Hillary Lum, MD, PhD; Lauri Connelly; Jodi Summers Holtrop, PhD, MCHES

Abstract

Context: Despite the importance of shared decision making for cancer screening and prevention in primary care settings, there is limited knowledge of how to adapt these conversations for persons living with dementia (PLWD) and their care partners in the United States. As the National Cancer Institute notes, residents in rural settings are more likely to engage in behaviors that place them at risk for developing cancer while having limited healthcare resources as opposed to their urban counterparts. Such an environment is further complicated by the presence of dementia. Therefore, primary care practices may benefit from feasible and appropriate approaches to tailor shared decision making surrounding cancer prevention and screening for PLWD, care partners, providers and staff. Objective: To elucidate the perspectives of rural PLWD, their care partners, and primary care team members related to shared decision making for cancer screening and prevention. Study Design: Qualitative case series. Setting: Five rural primary care practices from practice-based research networks (High Plains Research Network and AAFP National Research Network) in three geographically diverse states. Population studied: Multiple stakeholder perspectives, including persons living with dementia of varying severity, their care partners, primary care providers, and staff members (anticipating 15-20 participants from each stakeholder type). Measures: Semi-structured interview guides by stakeholder type, informed by Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM) to qualitatively assess multilevel contextual factors and a team science approach including rural primary care, cognitive impairment and dementia, geriatrics, qualitative and implementation science expertise. Outcomes to be Reported: Anticipated findings include themes relating to risks, benefits, and burdens of cancer prevention and screening in the context of dementia; shared decision making involving care partners; barriers to both cancer screening and dementia care in rural areas; and potential adaptations to primary care processes for cancer screening and prevention to meet the needs of persons living with dementia.
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Diane Harper
harperdi@med.umich.edu 11/21/2021

Nice work Jodi! Have you considered the lifespan of those with dementia and whether it makes any sense to subject them to screening? Thank you for sharing with us at NAPCRG.

Jack Westfall
jwestfall@aafp.org 11/22/2021

This is a very important topic and research study. Nice work. Thanks

Mack Ruffin
11/23/2021

Tamara, Great work. We have been pursing the issue of de-implementation of cancer in the elderly. You have a unique niche with examining this issue in patients with dementia. One of our barrier is other specialty clinics and automated reminder systems. This is greatest in breast cancer screening with local and national experts not agreeing with stopping mammograms which results in automated mammogram reminders going out even if the PCP and patient have agreed there is no value in ongoing screening. I am interested if rural patients in your study have similar experiences to our patients.

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